Hats Network Open Data — Global Latency Measurements

Public measurement data from the Hats Network Inc. global backbone (AS203314), a hybrid eyeball ISP and transit provider operating 20 points of presence across Europe, North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, and Africa.

All datasets in this repository are produced from actual ICMP echo measurements collected on the production network. Every directed pair of PoPs is probed once per measurement round with 50 echo requests at a 100 ms interval; round-trip times (RTT) are published as raw per-sample series together with per-pair summary statistics.

• Home page: hatsnet.io/opendata
• Methodology: theoretical latency verification
• Interactive matrix: global latency matrix

Datasets

Directory layout

/opendata/
├── README.md                     # source document for this rendered preview
├── latency/
│   ├── LICENSE.txt               # CC BY 4.0 full text
│   ├── datapackage.json          # Frictionless Data Package descriptor
│   ├── manifest.json             # pointer to the current release
│   ├── vYYYYMMDD/                # immutable dated release (never modified)
│   │   ├── manifest.json         # machine-readable file manifest (sha256)
│   │   ├── SHA256SUMS            # GNU sha256sum format, `sha256sum -c` clean
│   │   ├── matrix.{csv,json,yaml}.zst / .gz   # per-pair summary statistics
│   │   ├── pings.{csv,json,yaml}.zst / .gz    # raw per-sample long table
│   │   └── pairs/                             # per-pair files, uncompressed
│   │       ├── ams-hkg.pings.csv
│   │       ├── ams-hkg.pings.json
│   │       └── ams-hkg.pings.yaml
│   └── latest/                   # current release (mirror of vYYYYMMDD)

Versioning

• Releases are dated and immutable: once published, a vYYYYMMDD/ directory is never modified. Corrections ship as a new dated release.
• latest/ always mirrors the most recent release.
• manifest.json carries a schema_version field; breaking schema changes bump it and move to a new series directory.

File formats

Each release publishes the same content in CSV, JSON, and YAML. Aggregate files (covering all pairs) are compressed with zstd (.zst, level 3) and additionally with gzip (.gz) for toolchains without zstd support. Per-pair files under pairs/ are small and published uncompressed, ready to use directly in a browser or script.

Aggregates

• matrix.* — one row per directed pair: from, to, round_id, rtt_avg, rtt_min, rtt_max, rtt_stdev, jitter_ms, packet_loss_percent (all values in milliseconds; jitter_ms is the mean absolute difference of consecutive samples; packet_loss_percent is the share of unanswered echo requests).
• pings.* — raw measurement long table: from, to, round_id, seq, offset_ms, rtt_ms (seq is the 1-based sample index, offset_ms = (seq - 1) * 100).

Measurement rounds

round_id is the UTC start time shared by every sample in one publication round. The same value appears in CSV, JSON, YAML, manifests, and documentation pages so records from one round can be joined directly.

Decompression examples

# zstd
zstd -d matrix.csv.zst        # → matrix.csv
zstd -dc pings.csv.zst | head

# gzip
gzip -dk matrix.csv.gz        # → matrix.csv

import pandas as pd

# pandas ≥ 2.0 reads .zst directly
df = pd.read_csv("https://hatsnet.io/opendata/latency/latest/matrix.csv.zst")

Integrity

Every release directory contains SHA256SUMS (GNU format) covering all files in that directory, and manifest.json with per-file size / sha256 / rows:

cd v20260806 && sha256sum -c SHA256SUMS

Update frequency

A new full release is published daily, around 03:47–04:00 UTC, in lockstep with the on-site latency matrix refresh. Releases are skipped automatically when the underlying measurements have not changed.

License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) — see latency/LICENSE.txt for the full legal text. You are free to share and adapt the data, including for commercial purposes, as long as you give appropriate credit.

Citation

BibTeX:

@misc{hatsnet_latency_dataset,
  author       = {{Hats Network Inc.}},
  title        = {Hats Network Global Latency Measurements (AS203314)},
  howpublished = {\url{https://hatsnet.io/opendata/latency/}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Daily ICMP echo RTT measurements, accessed YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ssZ},
}

APA:

Hats Network Inc. (2026). Hats Network Global Latency Measurements (AS203314) [Data set]. https://hatsnet.io/opendata/latency/

Contact

• Data & research inquiries: [email protected]
• Network operations: [email protected]